The Diets for Jack Russel Terriers

BY | September 20 | COMMENTS PUBLISHED BY
The Diets for Jack Russel Terriers

Jack Russell Terriers are high energy dogs, so they need a diet program that packs a punch. Learn the ins and outs of feeding your Jack Russell here.

Jack Russell Terriers, also known as Parson Russell Terriers, are a high-energy breed known for their cocky, bold personalities. Originally bred as fox-hunting dogs, Jack Russell terriers love digging, running and tenaciously stalking potential prey. Highly active dogs in a small body, Jack Russell terriers need to be fed a high-quality food with a crunchy texture to keep their teeth clean.

Caloric Requirements

Jack Russell terriers usually weigh between 13 and 17 pounds. Dogs of this size need approximately 450 to 650 calories per day, depending on their activity level, according to the National Research Council of the National Academies. Unless your dog is 7 years or older, feeding your dog the higher of the amounts will account for the Jack Russell's energy needs. Puppies require around 800 to 900 calories for proper growth until your Jack Russell reaches approximately 1 year old.

Type of Food

Feed your Jack Russell Terrier a diet that is at least 75 percent dry kibble, recommends the book, "Jack Russell Terrier: Your Happy Healthy Pet." The crunchy texture of this type of food will reduce buildup of plaque and tartar on the teeth. Buildup of plaque and tartar can cause dental problems for small breeds like the Jack Russell. Follow the manufacturer's recommendations about how much to feed your dog daily, based on your pet's weight. Divide the daily ration into at least two meals; three is even better for your pet. This is because the Jack Russell's small stomach can only hold so much food at once. Dividing the daily ration into two or three meals per day allows for proper digestion of the food.

Ingredients

The primary ingredients in your Jack Russell Terrier's high-quality dry commercial diet should be meat-based proteins, such as poultry, beef or fish. Dog food ingredients are listed in descending order of their percentage in the food, so the first named ingredients are the main ones. Avoid foods with grains such as wheat or corn listed among the top five ingredients. Lower quality ingredients such as meat by-products are harder to digest protein sources, and should be a minor component of the food. Avoid chemical preservatives, including butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, and ethoxyquin.

Some small dogs cannot digest ingredients such as grains or meat by-products, typically found in lower-quality diets. These grains may be eliminated undigested. Feed your Jack Russell a higher-quality diet if the dog attempts to ingest the undigested food in droppings.

Food Allergies

Jack Russell Terriers are more likely than some other breeds to suffer from skin problems due to allergies, called atopic dermatitis, according to Bio-Medical Services, a laboratory that specializes in allergy testing of pets. Symptoms include red, dry, itchy skin along with excessive licking and biting of the skin, creating patches of hair loss. Allergens can include foods, pollen, insect bites and molds. If your Jack Russell Terrier has skin problems, consult your veterinarian. Your dog may need to go on a hypoallergenic diet to determine whether food allergy is the cause of the problem. Such a diet contains a single unusual protein source, such as fish or venison, and one carbohydrate source not usually found in dog foods. These ingredients are unlikely to cause a reaction in your Jack Russell Terrier. If the skin problem clears up after some weeks on the hypoallergenic diet, your veterinarian can guide you in adding foods back into the diet until you find the one causing the allergic reaction.

How to Feed

Free-feeding dry kibble to a Jack Russell Terrier can lead to obesity, especially if your little dog shares the voracious appetite of many Jack Russells. It is better to feed two or three measured meals per day, controlling the calories and keeping your dog fit. Because Jack Russells are hunting dogs, you can consider hiding portions of your dog's food around your home so your little Terrier has to search for it. Having the dog work for food may reduce destructive behaviors caused by boredom while you're away from home. An alternative to hiding the kibble is the use of a puzzle toy that you can fill with kibble. The dog must chew on the puzzle toy or roll it around to get at the food inside.

Warnings

Myasthenia gravis, a genetic neuromuscular disease, affects Jack Russell Terriers more than most other breeds. This disease causes weakness and mobility issues for the dog. If your Jack Russell Terrier has been diagnosed with this disease by a veterinarian, it is important to take special care when you feed your dog. Make eating easier by feeding your Jack Russell Terrier in raised dishes, and keep the little dog standing for 10 minutes after a meal. Myasthenia gravis can affect the dog's esophagus, creating the risk of vomiting and inhalation pneumonia after a meal. Keeping your dog upright can help prevent these problems. While a good diet cannot prevent all health problems your Jack Russel Terrier might face, it certainly reduces their risk. 

Frequently Asked Questions


What is the best food for a Jack Russell dog?

When it comes to determining the best food for a Jack Russell dog, several factors need to be considered to ensure optimal nutrition and overall well-being. First of all, high-quality dog food that matches the nutritional demands of Jack Russells is essential. Due to their greater activity levels and particular dietary needs, tiny breed dogs typically require dog food that is designed specifically for them. A well-balanced combination of proteins, good fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals should be present in the food. Jack Russells benefit from good sources of necessary amino acids from lean animal proteins like chicken, turkey, or fish. Additionally, healthy fats derived from sources like fish oil or flaxseed contribute to a shiny coat and support brain function. The required fiber and energy are provided by complex carbs found in whole grains, vegetables, and fruits. Avoid artificial preservatives, colors, and fillers in dog food, as these may be detrimental to a Jack Russell's health.

How do you feed a Jack Russell terrier?

It is advised to give Jack Russell Terriers more frequent meals while they are puppies because they have smaller stomachs and greater energy requirements. Generally, feeding them 3-4 meals a day is suitable during their early growth stages. This keeps their digestive systems from becoming overworked and gives them a consistent amount of energy throughout the day. As they mature into adults, their stomachs enlarge, and their metabolism stabilizes. At this stage, most Jack Russells do well with two meals a day. One meal in the morning and one in the evening can provide sufficient nutrition and energy for their daily activities. It's important to keep in mind that each dog may have different nutritional requirements, so it's always a good idea to speak with your vet to figure out the ideal feeding plan and portion sizes for your particular Jack Russell Terrier. Monitoring their body condition and adjusting the feeding routine as necessary is essential to maintain a healthy weight and overall well-being.

How much should a Jack Russell eat per day?

Jack Russells have a tendency to overeat if given the opportunity, so it is indeed important to moderate their food intake. Feeding them twice a day is generally recommended to prevent excessive hunger and potential digestive issues. 1.25-1.75 cups of dog food per day is a good starting point, but it's essential to consider your Jack Russell's individual needs. Factors such as age, weight, activity level, and metabolism should be taken into account when determining the appropriate portion sizes. If your Jack Russell is more active, you may lean towards the higher end of the range, while a less active dog may require a smaller portion. However, it's crucial to closely monitor their weight and body condition to ensure they are not becoming overweight or underweight. 

What fruits can Jack Russells eat?

Some fruits that are generally safe for Jack Russells to eat include apples, bananas, blueberries, strawberries, watermelon (seedless), and oranges. When feeding fruits to your Jack Russell, it's important to remove any seeds, pits, and inedible parts that could pose a choking hazard or be toxic. Since apple seeds contain trace levels of cyanide, apples should be cut in half and the core removed. Bananas are a wonderful option since they are readily digested and have a high potassium content. Antioxidant-rich blueberries and strawberries create delightful, bite-sized snacks. Watermelon is a hydrating fruit, but before giving it to your Jack Russell, make sure the seeds and rind are removed. Oranges can be fed in small amounts as they are rich in vitamin C, but the acidic nature may not agree with all dogs, so monitor their reaction. Remember to introduce fruits gradually into your Jack Russell's diet and observe for any signs of digestive upset or allergies.

Can Jack Russells drink milk?

While some adult dogs may tolerate small amounts of milk without any issues, it is generally not recommended to give Jack Russells or any adult dogs milk. Most dogs are lactose intolerant, meaning they lack the necessary enzymes to digest lactose properly, the sugar found in milk. Consuming milk can lead to digestive upset, including diarrhea, gas, and bloating. Puppies have a higher tolerance for lactose due to the presence of lactase enzymes in their system, but as dogs mature, their ability to digest lactose diminishes. If you want to provide a dairy-based treat for your Jack Russell, consider giving them lactose-free alternatives such as plain yogurt or cottage cheese in small amounts, as these may be better tolerated.



References & Resources

National Research Council of the National Academies: Your Dog's Nutritional Needs
VetInfo: Myasthenia Gravis
2ndchance.info: What Should I Feed My Dog
Jack Russell Terrier Club of America: Stool Eating
Jack Russell Terrier Club of America: Frequently Asked Questions
American Kennel Club: AKC Meet the Breeds: Parson Russell Terrier
Bio-Medical Services: Pet Allergy Clinic Reference Guide
VetInfo: Food for Allergic Dogs

This information is for informational purposes only and is not meant as a substitute for the professional advice of, or diagnosis or treatment by, your veterinarian. Always seek the advice of your veterinarian or other qualified professional with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard or delay seeking professional advice due to what you may have read on our website.

Was this article helpful?
Weight Control Skin Allergies Overweight Jack Russell Terrier

You May Also Like